Custom 3D and computer graphics have come a long way since their beginnings in the 1960's. The advancement in computer graphics was to come from one MIT student. In 1961 this student created another computer drawing program called sketchpad. The history of 3D computer can be traced from inception to commercial use. First we need to see where it was conceived, and then how it eventually wound up in our daily lives.
The first computer graphics were developed in the 1960's. This was in the prehistoric dark ages before PC's, when computers had no screen or keyboards. Programmers and developers at universities and research institutes experimented with ways to create graphic images using the text that those computers were capable of.
By the end of the decade, large corporations began taking an interest in this technology. They began to pour large sums of money into the expansion of graphics programs which would cover the way eventually for custom 3D, Pixar and everything else we see today. However, the PCs that hit the market in the 1970s were still quite crude and their graphics couldn't do much.
The first major advance in 3D computer graphics was created at UU by these early pioneers, the hidden-surface algorithm. In 1970s the computer graphics was introduced to television. The use of 3D pc graphics and animation was popularized when people used it in a movie called “future world” In the movie a human face and hand was animated using the technology to visually add a futuristic feel to the film. Since then the technique has been used in many movies, and has become a standard in film, television and video games.
Soon after "Future world," the world was introduced to "Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope." There director applied 3D graphics to not only enhance the atmosphere of the film, but as an integral part of the entire movie. The immense success of "Star Wars" would lead film makers to rely heavily of animation, in particular 3D graphics.
In the late 1980s, 3D computer graphics, such as 3D models, became possible with the SGI computers and graphical user interfaces (GUI). GUI presented data (input and output) and information with symbols, icons and images, rather than text. The SGI computers were used to create some of the first fully computer-generated short films at Pixar.
Most of the great innovation in this type of computer graphics was made in 1980’s owes it all to a new company called Pixar. In 1995 we saw the release of the first full-length 3D computer animated and rendered motion picture. It came from Pixar and was called Toy Story. It was a full-length motion picture and had a major impact on the way people perceived 3D graphics.
2004 was a great year for graphics in computer games. All in all, 2004 will be remembered by games as the year when computer graphics took a giant leap forward. The boundaries of animation are constantly being challenged and broken. In the 2009 James Cameron film "Avatar," stereoscopy was used in the filming to give it an illusion of depth. This new CG technique broken new ground in the film world, creating a cinematic experience like nothing that had been seen before.
Today, custom 3D CG is used everywhere. Nearly all explosions and pyrotechnics today use the technology. We see it in feature films as well as television commercials.
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